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Drawing upon the narratives of three African American men who dropped out of school, the paper proposes that oppositional behaviors may be underpinned by self-protective strategies based upon perceived available options and that commonly held stereotypes can lead to the misinterpretation of actions.
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How to Cite: Drayton, B. (2014) “The Clown, the Criminal, and the Dummy: Alternate Interpretations of Oppositional Behaviors”, Adult Education Research Conference. 1(2014).